ABSTRACT
Resumen La Artritis Idiopática Juvenil es la enfermedad reumática más frecuente en niños. Es una enfermedad crónica, degenerativa y de etiología desconocida; que puede dejar múltiples secuelas en la población pediátrica. Consta de siete afecciones definidas por la International League of Associations for Rheumatology del 2001: Artritis Sistémica, Oligoartritis, Artritis con Factor Reumatoide positivo o Factor Reumatoide negativo, Artritis relacionada a entesitis, Artritis psoriasica y Artritis indiferenciada; distintas tanto en el aspecto clínico, patogénico como evolutivo. Esta enfermedad se caracteriza por una alteración de la regulación del sistema inmunitario innato con una falta de linfocitos T autorreactivos y autoanticuerpos. La inflamación continua estimula el cierre rápido y prematuro del cartílago de crecimiento provocando un acortamiento óseo. Para llegar a su diagnóstico no se requiere más que una buena historia clínica y examen físico, ya que no hay laboratorios o gabinete lo bastante sensible que nos puedan ayudar. Fármacos como el metrotexate y los inhibidores del factor de necrosis tumoral han venido a modificar la evolución de la enfermedad y mejorar la calidad de vida de estos pacientes.
Abstract Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most common rheumatic disease in children. It is a chronic and degenerative disease, with an unknown etiology; that can leave multiple sequels in the pediatric population. There are seven conditions defined by 2001 International League of Associations for Rheumatology: Systemic Arthritis, Oligoarthritis, Arthritis with positive rheumatoid factor or negative rheumatoid factor, enthesitis-related arthritis and undifferentiated arthritis; distinct in clinical, pathogenetic and evolutionary aspects. This disease is characterized by an alteration on the regulation of the innate immune system with a lack of autoreactive lymphocytes T and autoantibodies. Continuous inflammation stimulates the rapid and premature closure of the growth cartilage causing bone shortening. To arrive at the diagnosis, it is only necessary to have a good medical history and physical exam, since there are no laboratory test sensitive enough to help us. Drugs such as methotrexate and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors have come to modify the evolution of the disease and improve the quality of life of these patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Arthritis, Juvenile/diagnosis , Arthritis, Juvenile/drug therapy , Synovial Fluid/drug effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Antirheumatic Agents/analysis , Tumor Necrosis Factors/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Acute aortic syndromes include a spectrum of life-threatening aortic conditions. A review of the diagnostic aspects of the acute aortic syndrome was made, from the perspective of the imaging techniques available for this purpose. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique and its diagnostic performance were evaluated. Emphasis was placed on the relevance of clinical information as a fundamental tool for suspecting this syndrome and appropriately choosing the imaging technique. Our main objective is to provide information about the diagnosis of this condition, especially in the context of emergency services.